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Downregulation of Sl4CLL6 gene expression reduced resistance to mites in tomato plants. Silencing of Sl4CLL6 by TRV-VIGS. A Negative (CK), TRV2-PDS, and TRV2-Sl4CLL6 plants. B Expression of Sl4CLL6 gene in CK and TRV2-4CLL6 plants. C Changes in phenotypes of CK and silenced plants after inoculation with mites for 1, 4, and 7 days. D Average number of mites in CK and silenced plants after inoculation with mites for 0, 1, 4, and 7 days. E–H Changes in the expression of Sl4CLL6 and downstream genes of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, SlHCT, SlCAD, and SlCHI, in CK and silenced plants 0, 1, 4, and 7 days after inoculation with mites. I Potential mechanisms by which Sl4CLL6 regulates lignin accumulation and shapes resistance to mites in tomato. Each value indicates the mean ± standard deviation of three biological replicates. *, **, *** and **** indicate significant differences between CK and silenced plants with P < 0.01, P < 0.001, P < 0001, P < 00001, respectively, as determined by t-test.