Latest news from Chinese Academy of Sciences on News en-us Copyright 2025 News 115 31 / /images/newswise-logo-rss.gif /articles/high-speed-binary-phase-engraved-superpixels-improve-complex-light-modulation/?sc=rsin /articles/high-speed-binary-phase-engraved-superpixels-improve-complex-light-modulation/?sc=rsin Wed, 02 Apr 2025 05:55:19 EST Complex light modulation--controlling light's amplitude and phase--is key to many laser applications such as optical tweezers and holographic displays. To achieve such modulation at high speeds, amplitude-based electronic modulators use multi-pixel clusters called 'superpixels'. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/from-flavonoids-to-stilbenoids-crispr-unlocks-a-new-path-for-natural-resveratrol/?sc=rsin /articles/from-flavonoids-to-stilbenoids-crispr-unlocks-a-new-path-for-natural-resveratrol/?sc=rsin Wed, 02 Apr 2025 05:40:25 EST A recent study showcases the power of CRISPR gene editing to significantly boost the production of resveratrol, a plant-derived compound with numerous health benefits. Researchers successfully targeted a key gene in grape cells, redirecting the plant's metabolic pathways to prioritize resveratrol production. As a result, engineered grape cells produced over four times more resveratrol than normal, providing a potential solution to the challenges of sourcing this valuable molecule. This innovative method could revolutionize the availability of resveratrol for use in supplements, medicines, and functional foods, and could also serve as a model for increasing the production of other beneficial plant compounds. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/a-triangular-inverse-shell-element-for-efficient-structural-health-monitoring-of-thin-walled-structures/?sc=rsin /articles/a-triangular-inverse-shell-element-for-efficient-structural-health-monitoring-of-thin-walled-structures/?sc=rsin Tue, 01 Apr 2025 08:15:45 EST A recent study introduces a triangular inverse shell element, referred to as iKS3, offering an accurate yet computationally efficient approach to Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of thin-walled structures. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/urbanization-reshapes-soil-microbes-bacteria-adapt-fungi-resist/?sc=rsin /articles/urbanization-reshapes-soil-microbes-bacteria-adapt-fungi-resist/?sc=rsin Tue, 01 Apr 2025 06:40:30 EST Urbanization is reshaping soil microbial communities worldwide, driving an unexpected homogenization of bacterial populations while fungal communities remain more resistant to change. A groundbreaking study reveals that urban environments favor bacterial generalists, which adapt to diverse conditions, whereas fungi maintain specialized ecological roles. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/unlocking-the-secrets-of-battery-degradation-a-transfer-learning-approach/?sc=rsin /articles/unlocking-the-secrets-of-battery-degradation-a-transfer-learning-approach/?sc=rsin Tue, 01 Apr 2025 05:10:14 EST A cutting-edge study has made significant advancements in battery lifetime prediction by utilizing transfer learning, a sophisticated approach that transfers knowledge across different data domains. This innovation enhances the accuracy of battery life predictions, a critical factor for ensuring product quality and accelerating progress in energy storage technologies. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/unlocking-the-potential-of-niooh-a-leap-forward-in-aqueous-mg-ion-battery-technology/?sc=rsin /articles/unlocking-the-potential-of-niooh-a-leap-forward-in-aqueous-mg-ion-battery-technology/?sc=rsin Tue, 01 Apr 2025 05:00:12 EST Scientists have achieved a significant leap in aqueous Mg-ion battery technology by engineering a breakthrough cathode material (nickel oxide hydroxide (NiOOH)), and systematacially reveal the stable Mg-storage mechanism in NiOOH nanosheets. This innovative design significantly enhances aqueous Mg-ion battery performance, resolving long-standing challenges of balancing high voltage and high capacity. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/long-term-data-supports-aspherical-lenslets-as-effective-myopia-control-in-kids/?sc=rsin /articles/long-term-data-supports-aspherical-lenslets-as-effective-myopia-control-in-kids/?sc=rsin Mon, 31 Mar 2025 09:30:31 EST A landmark five-year clinical study has revealed that spectacle lenses equipped with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) can significantly slow the progression of myopia and axial elongation in children. Compared to an extrapolated control group, HAL lenses reduced myopia progression by 1.75 diopters (D) and axial elongation by 0.72 mm, effectively lowering the risk of developing high myopia (−6.00 D or worse) by fourfold. These findings mark a critical advancement in long-term myopia management, offering a safe and non-invasive intervention amid a growing global vision crisis. With nearly half the world's population projected to be myopic by 2050, HAL lenses may hold the key to preventing serious complications such as retinal detachment and glaucoma. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/charting-new-terrain-in-energy-storage-the-emergence-of-zero-sodium-excess-solid-state-batteries/?sc=rsin /articles/charting-new-terrain-in-energy-storage-the-emergence-of-zero-sodium-excess-solid-state-batteries/?sc=rsin Mon, 31 Mar 2025 09:25:55 EST A cutting-edge breakthrough in zero-sodium-excess solid-state batteries may reshape the energy storage landscape. This innovative study introduces a novel interphase design to address the persistent challenges of low energy density and poor interfacial stability in sodium-ion batteries, offering a solution poised to revolutionize next-generation energy storage systems. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/sunlight-to-power-innovative-interface-engineering-for-high-performance-perovskite-solar-cells/?sc=rsin /articles/sunlight-to-power-innovative-interface-engineering-for-high-performance-perovskite-solar-cells/?sc=rsin Mon, 31 Mar 2025 09:15:46 EST A novel study has unveiled a transformative advancement in perovskite solar cells through bilayer interface engineering. This innovative method integrates 2D/3D perovskites with a dipole layer, achieving a remarkable leap in power conversion efficiency and overcoming critical challenges of scalability and stability in large-area solar modules. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/lighting-the-future-ultrathin-copper-collectors-for-enhanced-battery-performance/?sc=rsin /articles/lighting-the-future-ultrathin-copper-collectors-for-enhanced-battery-performance/?sc=rsin Mon, 31 Mar 2025 07:45:43 EST Scientists have developed ultralight and ultrathin copper current collectors that could redefine lithium battery technology. These collectors, far lighter than traditional copper foils, significantly enhance cell-level energy density. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/new-method-creates-854x-more-mitochondria-offering-hope-for-cartilage-regeneration/?sc=rsin /articles/new-method-creates-854x-more-mitochondria-offering-hope-for-cartilage-regeneration/?sc=rsin Mon, 31 Mar 2025 06:10:32 EST Scientists have unveiled a revolutionary method for mass-producing high-quality human mitochondria, potentially transforming treatments for degenerative diseases. By refining stem cell culture conditions, researchers achieved an extraordinary 854-fold increase in mitochondrial production while significantly enhancing energy output. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/green-solvent-innovation-high-speed-doctor-blading-boosts-organic-solar-cell-efficiency/?sc=rsin /articles/green-solvent-innovation-high-speed-doctor-blading-boosts-organic-solar-cell-efficiency/?sc=rsin Fri, 28 Mar 2025 17:50:33 EST In a recent advancement, researchers have developed a high-speed doctor-blading technique that enhances the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) while using eco-friendly, non-halogenated solvents. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/universal-conservation-laws-of-the-wave-particle-entanglement-triad/?sc=rsin /articles/universal-conservation-laws-of-the-wave-particle-entanglement-triad/?sc=rsin Thu, 27 Mar 2025 17:25:58 EST Wave-particle duality and entanglement are cornerstone concepts in quantum physics, yet their exact relationship has long remained a mystery. Researchers from China and Singapore have forged a theoretical framework that unifies wave-particle behaviours with entanglement. By introducing conservation laws that bridge these quantum phenomena, they unveiled deep connections between them. These predictions were experimentally verified using silicon-integrated nanophotonic quantum chips, offering transformative insights into the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/biobreeding-technology-enables-rapid-development-of-golden-grass-carp-germplasm/?sc=rsin /articles/biobreeding-technology-enables-rapid-development-of-golden-grass-carp-germplasm/?sc=rsin Thu, 27 Mar 2025 17:20:48 EST This study achieved CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), China's most economically vital freshwater fish. Targeting the tyrb gene critical for pigmentation were performed. Mutations confirmed by sequencing caused a golden phenotype with melanophore reduction. Using multiple gRNAs enhanced mutation rates (88.9%) and triggered large DNA deletions. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/scientists-discovered-evidence-for-a-new-four-body-quasi-particle-in-2d-semiconductors/?sc=rsin /articles/scientists-discovered-evidence-for-a-new-four-body-quasi-particle-in-2d-semiconductors/?sc=rsin Thu, 27 Mar 2025 10:35:41 EST Quasi-particles are collective quantum elements of condensed matter. They are foundationally important for understanding physics of materials and for technological applications of semiconductors. Using ultrafast optical pump-probe technique, scientists discovered a series of new spectral features that are not attributable to existing quasi-particles. By using advanced quantum many-body theories, these spectral features could be uniquely explained by the existence of a new quasi-particle called quadruplon, a genuine four-body composite particle, different from the known bi-exciton. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/chip-integrated-quantum-digital-signature-network-achieves-high-rate-performance/?sc=rsin /articles/chip-integrated-quantum-digital-signature-network-achieves-high-rate-performance/?sc=rsin Thu, 27 Mar 2025 06:20:06 EST Quantum digital signatures (QDS) offer an information-theoretically secure solution for ensuring data integrity, authenticity, and non-repudiation. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/cd47-protein-crucial-for-bone-fracture-healing-study-reveals/?sc=rsin /articles/cd47-protein-crucial-for-bone-fracture-healing-study-reveals/?sc=rsin Wed, 26 Mar 2025 22:10:55 EST A new discovery has shed new light on the crucial role of the CD47 protein in bone fracture healing. Scientists have identified CD47 as an essential regulator of mesenchymal progenitor cell (MSC) proliferation--cells critical for bone repair. Without CD47, bone healing was significantly delayed, with reduced callus formation and diminished bone volume in both normal and ischemic fracture models. These findings suggest that targeting CD47 could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies to enhance fracture recovery, particularly in cases where blood supply is compromised. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/renewable-high-quality-activated-carbon-from-low-quality-by-product/?sc=rsin /articles/renewable-high-quality-activated-carbon-from-low-quality-by-product/?sc=rsin Wed, 26 Mar 2025 18:40:56 EST Austrian researchers have successfully converted a by-product of wood gasification into high-quality activated carbon. The material, known for its ability to capture micropollutants, was produced by physical activation using hot gases that create fine pores. Their method increased the adsorption capacity by 11 times, outperforming commercial alternatives. With growing demand in water treatment, this discovery offers a renewable alternative to fossil-based activated carbon. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/decoding-fungal-virulence-the-role-of-chromatin-structure-in-postharvest-pathogens/?sc=rsin /articles/decoding-fungal-virulence-the-role-of-chromatin-structure-in-postharvest-pathogens/?sc=rsin Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:20:22 EST A recent study has shed light on the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of Penicillium expansum, the fungal culprit behind blue mold disease in fruits. By mapping chromatin accessibility at different growth stages, researchers identified key regulatory elements and a critical transcription factor, PeAtf1, which governs fungal growth, stress response, and pathogenicity. Chinese Academy of Sciences /articles/a-review-of-latest-tools-and-technologies-in-pharmaceutical-research/?sc=rsin /articles/a-review-of-latest-tools-and-technologies-in-pharmaceutical-research/?sc=rsin Wed, 26 Mar 2025 09:35:41 EST This comprehensive review analyzes cutting-edge tools and technologies in modern pharmaceutical research, focusing on artificial intelligence, multi-omics technologies, and experimental methods. The study highlights how computational methods enhance drug discovery efficiency, while omics technologies provide systematic frameworks for investigating drug mechanisms. The integration of these advanced approaches has enabled more diverse and personalized treatment strategies, though challenges remain in drug development complexity, cost-effectiveness, and operational feasibility. Chinese Academy of Sciences