But 鈥榞ayby boomers鈥� 鈥� members of the LGBT community who were the first to grow up during the gay rights movement and identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender, and who were the most heavily impacted by the AIDS epidemic 鈥� face unique challenges as they age that have been less studied.
In 鈥淨ueer Aging: The Gayby Boomers and a New Frontier for Gerontology鈥� (Oxford Press, 2016), Jesus Ramirez-Valles, professor and head of community health sciences in the University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, makes it clear that aging gayby boomers don鈥檛 fit the largely heteronormative beliefs and ideas about aging or caring for older adults. His groundbreaking book explores the unique landscape of gay aging through scholarly research and interviews with 11 racially and economically diverse gay men who provide first-person narratives on their experiences with work, family, the AIDS epidemic, activism, their roles as caregivers, and getting older.
鈥淎ging is very different for gay men,鈥� says Ramirez-Valles. 鈥淭heir social support systems look different from those of heterosexual individuals and couples, and many senior housing or assisted living facilities struggle to provide services while being sensitive to their gay clients.鈥漅amirez-Valles says gay men can feel stigmatized in senior housing because of the lack of other gay men or couples.
鈥淪ometimes staff or other residents just don鈥檛 know how to interact with people who are LGBT because they may not have had many gay friends or experience with the LGBT community,鈥� he said.
鈥淕ay men also have unique responses to the physical and emotional stresses of aging, and gerontology studies have not yet really explored this,鈥� Ramirez-Valles said. 鈥淕ay culture is youth-oriented, so age discrimination is multiplied among gay men, and this is a major additional source of stress.鈥滱ging also affects the sex life differently among gay men, Ramirez-Valles said.鈥淔or instance, sex is a major way that gay men stay connected to the gay community and form friendships, but because gay culture is so youth-obsessed, opportunities for sex diminish as these men age 鈥� and this can be especially isolating.鈥�
During his research for the book, Ramirez-Valles found that many gay men worried about who will take care of them as they get older, since many lack a spouse or child to fulfill the caregiver role. For some single, gay, older men, the lack of a spouse is due to gay marriage being relatively new. For others, the AIDS epidemic took partners from their lives. Without a legally-identifiable spouse, navigating issues like advance directives, pension benefits, health disclosures, or even how to explain to an assisted-living facility who your partner is can be problematic and lead to unease.Another family dynamic impacting gayby boomers is rejection by their biological families. Families cutting ties with their sons and brothers who came out during the gay rights movement is unfortunately not uncommon, Ramirez-Valles said.
鈥淭his is one of the reasons friends are so important for gay men and serve as a kind of chosen family. But how do you explain that your 鈥榝riend鈥� will be living with you in an assisted living facility that has no other gay couples?鈥淭he thing that stuck out the most during my research was the housing issue,鈥� Ramirez-Valles said. The vast majority of group housing or assisted living facilities for older adults are populated by mostly heterosexuals, including support staff.
鈥淲hen a gay man or couple comes into one of these facilities, many experience some form of discrimination or will be treated differently. Some even feel the need to hide their identities because they are no longer in their own community where people know who they are and they are surrounded by other like-minded people. So making the decision to go into supportive housing, which is already an extremely stressful decision, is compounded by sexual orientation. For gay men who have been living openly gay for decades, it can be very hard.鈥滿ore LGBT-friendly housing is sorely needed, Ramirez-Valles said, as well as education and training for staff. Intergenerational housing, with younger students getting free or low-cost rents in exchange for doing things like shopping or cleaning for their older neighbors, is a relatively new concept that can help older adults age comfortably in their own homes.Ramirez-Valles also uncovered differences in how African-American and white gay men are impacted by aging.
鈥淲hite men in this age cohort were more likely to leave the places where they grew up and move to big cities with active and growing gay culture and neighborhoods while gay black men tended to be less likely to be embraced by their families, and stay closer to home,鈥� Ramirez-Valles said. Black gay men were also very likely to still be in contact with any children they had, 鈥渟o for many older black gay men, there is still that family structure intact that they can rely on for support as they age.鈥�
鈥淨ueer Aging: The Gayby Boomers and a New Frontier for Gerontology鈥� is being considered for nomination by the American Library Association鈥檚 Stonewall Book Award Committee for the Israel Fishman Non-Fiction Award.
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