The University has received $1.25 million from DOE鈥檚 Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy, known as ARPA-E. The award will be used to develop technologies for converting electrical energy from renewable resources into energy-dense carbon-neutral liquid fuels 鈥� that is, fuels that do not increase carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
WVU received the award from ARPA-E鈥檚 Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids, or REFUEL, program. John Hu, Statler Chair in the and Hanjing Tian, assistant professor in the , will develop cutting-edge technology to synthesize ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen using microwave plasma catalysis.
鈥淭he innovative ammonia synthesis technology developed in this project enables long-term energy storage and long-distance renewable energy delivery from remote, isolated and stranded locations,鈥� Hu said.
Most REFUEL projects target the production of ammonia or its conversion to hydrogen or electricity because ammonia is a robust hydrogen and energy carrier. Modern industrial ammonia production uses the Haber-Bosch process, a century-old method that changed the agriculture industry and was a major contributor to the global population boom.
The Haber-Bosch process requires a lot of capital and energy investment, which means it is only economical at large scales. The innovative approach of WVU鈥檚 research team will use low temperatures and pressure, resulting in the production of ammonia at five times the rate of the Haber-Bosch process.
Carbon-neutral fuels can be stored for extended periods of time and are more easily and inexpensively transported, so they can be delivered and distributed more efficiently using existing infrastructures. That means these fuels offer a unique opportunity to reduce both the need for energy imports and carbon emissions from the transportation sector.
This award is a continued expansion of the efforts of WVU鈥檚 and the . It is the third award that has been granted to WVU by the highly competitive ARPA-E program.
It is also the second Department of Energy program that WVU has joined in recent months. , a new institute in the DOE鈥檚 National Network of Manufacturing Institutes.
鈥淭he technology developed in this project has a coherent focus on an energy-related research area that is vital to the state of West Virginia,鈥� Hu said. 鈥淚t brings together multiple researchers from WVU, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Florida State University and industry partners. It will also lead to the generation of intellectual property that will enhance economic competitiveness in the state of West Virginia.鈥�
The REFUEL program seeks to develop scalable technologies for converting electrical energy from renewable resources into energy-dense carbon-neutral liquid fuels and back into electricity or hydrogen on demand. The DOE granted funding to projects from 11 companies and five universities.
REFUEL projects will accelerate the shift to domestically-produced transportation fuels as well as enable greater integration of renewable energy sources onto the grid, improving grid resiliency and American energy security.
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